5 Simple Statements About COD test in pharma Explained
5 Simple Statements About COD test in pharma Explained
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These strategies tend to be more environmentally friendly, that avoids using harmful reagents. Even so, the disadvantage of this type of modification is usually that an approximation on the pollutant’s concentration is required to determine the right parameters, to name some: publicity time for you to light-weight and peroxide concentration [forty eight, sixty one].
The traditional procedures to find out COD and BOD are still widely utilized as they make it possible for responsible effects to generally be received. Regardless of the use of extremely poisonous reagents, COD is made use of because the reactions ensure the overall oxidation of the raw substance, unlike proposals exactly where the alter in oxidizing agents doesn't let this sort of response.
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COD is actually a crucial indicator of water excellent which is applied in many different purposes, such as the subsequent:
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The COD test is extensively applied as a method of measuring pollutants effecting aquatic ecosystems. Not like the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) test, which only actions the amount of oxygen consumed by microbial oxidation, the COD test actions the oxygen consumed by chemical oxidation.
The click here most significant trouble with various on the alternate options is their significant cost and time they have to have in contrast Together with the standardized strategy.
The COD test works by using a chemical (potassium dichromate in the fifty% sulfuric acid solution) that “oxidizes” equally natural (predominate) and inorganic substances inside of a wastewater sample, which leads to the next COD concentration than BOD concentration for a similar wastewater sample considering the fact that only organic and natural compounds are consumed during BOD testing.
COD stands for “Chemical Oxygen Demand” and it is a evaluate of the quantity of oxygen required to chemically oxidise organic and natural substances in water for instance ammonia or nitrate, in purposes for example lakes, rivers or wastewater that have been contaminated by domestic or industrial squander.
Discharge limits vary from plant to plant depending on the attributes from the obtaining h2o, consequences on aquatic existence, recreational uses and various aspects.
Chloride is the key interference when testing for COD. Every single COD vial made use of With all the dichromate technique includes mercuric sulfate which will reduce chloride interference nearly the extent laid out in the method.
Conductivity measurement more info means that you can indirectly Look at the composition of metals on The premise of conductivity inside of a non-damaging fashion. Given that the reciprocal of electrical resistance, conductivity don't just signifies how effectively a metal conducts electric current: Conductivity measurement also indirectly provides information about the microstructure, mechanical properties and alterations within the composition of a material.
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